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M. S. TYLER. WAGON AXLE.

(No Model.)

Patented Dec. 22, 1891.

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UNITED STATES Y PATENT OFFICE. V

MORRIS S. TYLER, OF LANSING, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN N. ALEXANDER, OF SAME PLACE.

WAGON-AXLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 465,705, dated December 22, 1891.

Application filed August 18, 1891. Serial No. 402,967. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MoRRrs S. TYLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lansing, in the county of Ingham and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in IVagon-Axles, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in wagon-axles; and it consists, principally, in the novel way of trussing a wooden axle-tree and securing the skein to it; further, in the peculiar construction, arrangement, and combination of the parts, all as more fully hereinafter described.

Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved axle. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the axletree with the axle-skeins detached. Fig. 3 is an enlarged elevation of one end of my improved wagon-axle with the wheel-hub and axle-box shown in dotted lines. Fig. t is a horizontal section on line w as in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section on line y y in Fig. 3.

My improved axle consists of a wooden axletree A, re-enforced by two metal bars B, firmly secured to the sides of the axle-tree. The axle-tree is preferably flat upon the sides,with the ends thereof uniformly tapered upon both sides, as shown in Fig. 2. The under side of the axle-tree is preferably straight its whole length. The bars B are preferably flat steel bars conforming to the sides of the axle-tree, and are preferably secured thereto flush with the sides of the axle-tree by through-bolts O at short intervals. The bars B extend beyond the ends of the axle-tree and are formed with right-angled offsets D, which overlap each other and have corresponding holes for the reception of the bolt E,-one bolt at each end. The head F of each bolt fits between the end of the axle and the adjacent offsets and holds the bolt firmly extended in line with the axletree.

G are hollow axle-skeins, each provided with the usual spindle portion H, and with the collar I at the base separated from the spindle bya sand-guard J. These skeins are sleeved upon the opposite ends of the axle-tree, which latter extends far enough into the skeins to allow the outer ends of the bolts E to project out through corresponding apertures formed in the solid ends of the spindle and to receive nuts K, by means of which the skeins are firmly held and united to the axle-tree. The interior of the axle-skeins conforms to the shape of that portion of the axle-tree which projects into it, which portion is substantially rectangular in cross-section, except that portion which extends into the collar, and which is made rounded on top, as usual, as shown in Fig. 5, to prevent sand or dbris finding a lodgment upon the collar and axle-tree. The inner end of the collar I is re-enforced by a bead K, and on the under side by a depend ent flange L, both inte rally cast with the skein. Otherwise the collar conforms on the outside to its interior form.

The sand-guard is composed of two standing flanges M M, separated by a deep groove N. The outer standing flange is circular and adapted to enter and fit against the inner end of the axle-box, and the inner flange 'M' is made larger to fit under the projecting sandband 0 of the hub and extends around the top and sides of the skein only.

This construction of axle enables me to use any ordinary hard wood, as the metal side pieces stiffen and strengthen it so that it is better than the best hickory axle. It also gives me a better connection for the skein without danger of pulling out of the securingbolt. This in a wood axle is a constant source of trouble, and I entirely overcome it. I get the best truss effect by arranging the metal side pieces along the lower part of the axle. The sand-guard is most effectual, as the outer flange bears against the hub-band; but if any sand should get past the outer flange and into the groove N between it is free to fall to the ground throughthe open lower end, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5.

That I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination, with a wooden axle-tree and opposite skeins thereon, of two truss-bars secured to and extending longitudinally across and on opposite sides of said axle-tree into said skeins,and bolts uniting the approximate ends of the axle-skeins to the truss-bars, and the truss-bars, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a wooden axle-tree and opposite skeins thereon, of two truss-bars secured to and extending along the sides of said axle-tree into said skeins, and bolts passing through apertures in the ends of said skeins and having their heads engaged with right-angled offsets formed on the ends of said truss-bars, and their outer ends provided with screw-nuts bearing against the ends of the skeins, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the wooden axle, of two trussed bars B, extending along the sides of said axle-tree and having the rightangled offsetsD formed attheir ends, the bolts 0, uniting said trussed bars to the axle-tree, and the bolts E, passing through apertures in the ends of the aXle-skeins and through the right-angled offsets and uniting the approximate ends of the axle-skeins and truss-bars,

' substantially as described.

4. The combination of a wooden axle-tree provided with uniformly-tapering sides at the ends, oftruss-bars secured to the sides of said axle-tree,of hollow aXle-skeins conforming to the outer end of the axle, and bolts uniting the approximate ends of said axle-skeins and axle-tree, said bolts passing through apertures in the ends of the axle-skeins and having their heads engaged between overlapping offsets formed on the ends of the trussed bars and the ends of the axle-tree, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MORRIS S. TYLER.

\Vitnesses:

' J. N. ALEXANDER,

J. V. GRANGER. 

